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| Collage of protists. By Unknown, CC BY-SA 3.0 on WikiCommons. |
The Old Systems of "kingdoms"
- 5 Kingdoms of Life:
- Clades:
- monera: bacteria, archaea
- protista: algae, alveolata -> all eukaryotes are protists except for land plants, animals, and fungi
- fungi: fungi
- plantae: green plants, land plants
- animalia: invertebrates, vertebrates
marine animal phyla:
- porifera - sponges
- cnidaria - corals, jellyfish
- annelida - worms
- arthropod - crustaceans
- mollusca - clams, snails, squid
- echinodermata - starfish, sea urchins
- chordata - vertebrates
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| Aplysina fistularis, the yellow tube sponge. Nick Hobgood - Karya sendiri, CC BY-SA 3.0 |
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Porifera: pore bearing; sponges
- asymmetric
- parazoa: don't have true tissues, highly organized colony of specialized cells
- radial symmetry
- come in two body forms
- polyp form
- medusa
- nematocyst: specialized organelles contain nematocysts which fire toxins
- three main groups:
- hydrozoa: both polyp and medusa stages in most species
- scyophozoa: free-swimming
- anthozoa: sessile
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| Medusa form of a jelly fish. By Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez. CC BY-SA 4.0, |
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